Associate Professor
Department of Microbiology and Immunology
Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences
Ageing; Bacterial Pathogenesis; Immunology; Infectious Disease; Inflammation; Microbial Pathogenesis; Microbiology; Mitochondria; Translational Research; Vaccine Development
The number of older adults above 65 years of age is projected to reach > 2 billion by 2050. Aging is associated with increased susceptibility to pulmonary infections with worse prognosis that adversely impact longevity and the quality of life. Pneumonia is one of the top causes of death in older adults. My lab is focused on understanding why we become more susceptible to infections as we age and if there is a way to reverse or prevent that. We do so by studying how immunosenescence alters host-pathogen interactions and the networks that govern that. For all our studies, we use clinically relevant animal models of disease followed by verification of findings in humans.
Our primary emphasis is on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) also known as neutrophils, the most abundant circulating white blood cell in humans. These cells are important for host defense since they are considered to be the “first responders” of the immune system that fight infection by killing pathogens. One part of my group is focused on neutrophils as ‘effectors’ and their antimicrobial role in infection. We are exploring how neutrophil behavior changes with aging and the signaling pathways that govern their aberrant responses with age, with a focus on the extracellular adenosine pathway.
The other part of my group is focused on age-driven changes in vaccine responses. We are designing novel improved vaccines against infection specifically targeted to aged hosts. We are also examining the intersection of innate and adaptive immunity in vaccines and the role of neutrophils as ‘inducers’ of antibody responses.
We are studying these aspects in the context of Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza A infections, which despite the availability of licensed vaccines, remain the leading causes of community-acquired pneumonia in older adults. Elucidating what drives the aberrant immune responses during aging has the potential of using novel therapies to combat infections in older adults.