Michael D. Garrick PhD
Michael D. Garrick
PhD
Professor
Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences
Specialty/Research Focus
Bioinformatics; Gene Expression; Genomics and proteomics; Immunology; Membrane Transport (Ion Transport); Molecular and Cellular Biology; Molecular Basis of Disease; Molecular genetics; Neurobiology
Professional Summary:
The current focus of my lab is on iron metabolism in animals and humans. From the practical viewpoint, iron is an important nutrient, but its ability to act in the ferrous and ferric state also makes it toxic. Thus, iron deficiency is the most frequent disorder in the world and hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is the most common Mendelian disorder in the United States.
Our research is related to erythroid differentiation on the fundamental level and to genetic and acquired diseases on the applied level, with four long-term themes: 1.) analysis of the molecular basis of differential gene expression among tissues and during development, with hemoglobin synthesis and red blood cell (RBC) development as models; 2.) application of molecular and genetic advances to inherited diseases; 3.) iron metabolism; 4.) study of gene variation in populations and divergence of gene loci during evolution.
New vistas have opened recently for the anemia of chronic diseases, leading us to re-exam how microbes and their human hosts fight for iron. We approach these issues by working on rodent models like the Belgrade rat, plus a series of genetically engineered mice.
The rat has a hypochromic, microcytic anemia inherited as an autosomal recessive. The defect is in an iron transporter called DMT1 (or slc11a2, previously called Nramp2 or DCT1) that is responsible for iron uptake by enterocytes and is also responsible for iron exiting endosomes in the transferrin cycle. The rats appear to have a severe iron deficiency, and although dietary iron and iron injection increase the number of RBCs, they do not restore the RBCs nor the rat itself to a normal phenotype.
Recent discoveries show that DMT1 is ubiquitous and responsible for transport of other metals such as Mn and Ni. It occurs in the kidney, brain and lung at even higher levels than in the GI tract or in erythroid cells. It also has multiple isoforms, and we have cloned them and developed cell lines that express high levels of particular isoforms. We have specific antibodies to the isoforms and assays for each of the mRNAs too.
Future projects in my lab will continue to address whether DMT1 is dysregulated in HH. We will also tackle how DMT1 functions in neurons, pneumocytes and other tissues, look at isoforms of DMT1 under circumstances where we suspect that they must have different functions from one another, and examine DMT1’s relevance to iron metabolism and human disease. Because we cloned the gene and identified the mutation, a number of molecular and cellular approaches can now be used. As evidence indicates that metal ion homeostasis fails in Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and Huntington’s disease, research on DMT1 has opened new vistas for these disorders.
Education and Training:
- PhD, Biology, Johns Hopkins University (1963)
- BA, Biology, Johns Hopkins University (1959)
Employment:
- Professor of Pediatrics, Pediatrics, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences (2007-present)
- Professor, Biochemistry, SUNY at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences (1982-present)
- Research Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Pediatrics, SUNY at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences (1976-present)
- Sabbatical visitor, Pediatrics, Harvard University School of Medicine (1997)
- Sabbatical visitor, Medicine, LSUMC School of Medicine (1997)
- Associate Professor, Biochemistry, SUNY at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences (1974–1982)
- Visiting Scientist, Biology, MIT Faculty of Sciences (1977–1978)
- Research Associate, Pediatrics, SUNY at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences (1970–1977)
- Research Assistant Professor, Pediatrics, SUNY at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences (1970–1976)
- Assistant Professor, Biochemistry, SUNY at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences (1972–1974)
- Research Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Biochemistry, SUNY at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences (1970–1972)
- Assistant Professor, Biology, University of Virginia Faculty of Arts and Sciences (1964–1970)
- Adjunct Assistant Professor, Biology, Johns Hopkins University McCoy College (1963–1964)
- Post Doctoral Fellow, Medical Genetics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions School of Medicine (1963–1964)
Research Expertise:
- Iron homeostasis: Like most nutrients, insufficient iron affects development in mammals; too much, however, is toxic.
Grants and Sponsored Research:
- August 2016–May 2022
Divalent Metal-ion Transporter 1 as a Therapeutic Target to Optimize Intestinal Iron Transport
NIH
Role: Co-Investigator
$594,000 - August 2011–July 2011
Fourth International Workshop on Iron and Copper Homeostasis
National Science Foundation
Role: Principal Investigator
$19,000 - January 2006–January 2008
Effects of Selected Inhibitors on Potential Causes of Microcytic Anemia
Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development
Role: Principal Investigator
$94,115 - January 2001–January 2006
The Belgrade Rat: A Mutation in a Critical Metal Transporter
NIH
Role: Co-Investigator
$935,000 - January 2004–January 2005
Third International Workshop on Iron and Copper Homeostasis
NIH
Role: Principal Investigator
$6,000 - January 2002–January 2005
Divalent Metal Transporter: Role in Metal Toxicity
NIH/NIEHS
Role: Co-Investigator
$675,000 - January 2001–January 2004
Gastrointestinal Uptake of Iron
USDA
Role: Principal Investigator
$186,302 - January 2001–January 2002
Second International Workshop on Iron and Copper Homeostasis
NSF
Role: Principal Investigator
$29,040 - January 2001–January 2002
Second International Workshop on Iron and Copper Homeostasis
NIH
Role: Principal Investigator
$10,000 - January 1995–January 2000
An Intracellular Mutant in the Transferrin Cycle
NIH
Role: Co-Principal Investigator
$777,332 - January 1997–January 1998
Converting Mutant Mouse Models to Cell Culture Systems
UB Multidisciplinary Funds
Role: Co-Investigator
$20,000 - January 1997–December 1997
Positional Cloning of the Gene Responsible for Iron Transport Defects in the Belgrade Rat
NHLBI
Role: Co-Investigator - January 1992–January 1994
An Intracellular Mutant in the Transferrin Cycle
NIH
Role: Principal Investigator
$80,000 - January 1992–January 1993
Is the Belgrade Defect Constrained to Iron Uptake in Erythroid Cells?
NSF
Role: Co-Investigator
$27,875 - January 1987–January 1991
An Intracellular Defect in the Transferrin Cycle
NSF
Role: Co-Investigator
$224,569 - January 1983–January 1991
A new Hereditary Anemia
NIH
Role: Co-Investigator
$424,000 - January 1970–January 1986
Studies on Hemoglobin: Biosynthesis and Genetics
NIH
Role: Principal Investigator
$723,923 - January 1980–January 1984
Hemoglobin Synthesis in Vivo
NIH
Role: Principal Investigator
$142,574 - January 1970–January 1977
Detection and Study of Inborn Errors
NIH
Role: Co-Investigator
$300,000 - January 1970–January 1977
Human Genetics Program
MCH
Role: Co-Investigator
$1,000,000 - January 1970–January 1977
Multiple Test Procedures - Inborn Errors of Metabolism
MCH
Role: Co-Investigator
$1,000,000 - January 1974–January 1976
Gene Substitution for Rabbit Hemoglobins
National Foundation, March of Dimes
Role: Principal Investigator
$68,876 - January 1972–January 1973
Screening for Hemoglobinopathies in Western New York
UHF
Role: Co-Investigator
$5,739 - January 1966–January 1970
Control of Gene-Determined Protein Synthesis
NIH
Role: Principal Investigator
$78,391 - January 1965–January 1967
Control of Gene-Determined Protein synthesis
Role: Principal Investigator
$3,500 - January 1964–January 1967
Immunological Detection of Mutationally Altered Enzyme
NSF
Role: Principal Investigator
$46,000
Journal Articles:
- Wolff NA, Garrick MD, Zhao L, Garrick LM, Ghio AJ, Thevenod F. (2018) A role for divalent metal transporter (DMT1) in mitochondrial uptake of iron and manganese. Sci Rep (Jan), 8(1): 211-220.
- Jiang L, Garrick MD, Garrick LM, Zhao L, Collins JF. (2013) Divalent metal transporter 1 (Dmt1) mediates copper transport in the duodenum of iron-deficient rats and when overexpressed in iron-deprived HEK-293 cells. J Nutr (Dec), 143(12): 1927-1933.
- Garrick MD. (2011) Human iron transporters. Genes & Nutrition (Jan), 6: 645-654.
- Foot NJ, Leong YA, Dorstyn LE, Dalton HE, Ho K, Zhao L, Garrick MD, Yang B, Hiwase D, Kumar S. (2011) Ndfip1 deficient mice have impaired DMT1 regulation and iron homeostasis. Blood (Jan), 117: 638-646.
- Mackenzie B, Shawki A, Ghio A, Stoneheurner J, Zhao L, Ghadersohi S, Garrick LM, Garrick MD. (2010) Calcium-channel blockers do not affect iron transport mediated by divalent metal-ion transporter-1. Blood (Jan), 115: 4148-4149.
- Burdo JR, Martin J, Menzies SL, Dolan KG, Romano MA, Fletcher RJ, Garrick MD, Garrick LM, Connor JR. (1999) Cellular distribution of iron in the brain of the Belgrade rat. Neuroscience (Mar), 93(3): 1189-1196.
- Thévenod F, Lee WK, Garrick MD. (2020) Iron and Cadmium Entry Into Renal Mitochondria: Physiological and Toxicological Implications. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology (Jan), 8: 848. doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.00848
- Garrick, M.D., Garrick L.M., Zhao, L., Collins, J.F., Soukup, J., and Ghio, A. (2019) A direct comparison of divalent metal-ion transporter (DMT1) and hinokitiol, a potential small molecule replacement. BioMetals (Oct), 32(October): 745-755. doi:10.1007/s10534-019-00207-2
- Wang X, Zhang M, Flores SRL, Woloshun RR, Yang C, Yin L, Xiang P, Xu X, Garrick MD, Vidyasagar S, Merlin D, Collins JF. (2019) Oral Gavage of Ginger Nanoparticle-Derived Lipid Vectors Carrying Dmt1 siRNA Blunts Iron Loading in Murine Hereditary Hemochromatosis. Mol Ther (Mar), 27(3): 493-506.
- Sternberg Z, Hu Z, Sternberg D, Waseh S, Quinn JF, Wild K, Jeffrey K, Zhao L, Garrick M. (2017) Serum Hepcidin Levels, Iron Dyshomeostasis and Cognitive Loss in Alzheimer's Disease. Aging and disease (Apr), 8(2): 215-227. doi:10.14336/AD.2016.0811
- Sternberg Z, Hu Z, Sternberg, D., Waseh, S., Quinn, J.F., Wild, K., Kaye, J., Zhao, L., Garrick MD. (2017) Serum Hepcidin Levels, Iron Dyshomeostasis and Cognitive Loss in Alzheimer’s Disease. Aging and Disease (Jan), 8(2): 215-220.
- Garrick MD. (2016) Neonatal Screening and DNA Forensics: An Underappreciated Connection. Jacobs Journal of Forensic Science (Jan), 2(2): 011-015.
- Tripathi AK, Haldar S, Qian J, Beserra A, Suda S, Singh A, Hopfer U, Chen SG, Garrick MD, Turner JR, Knutson MD, Singh N. (2015) Prion protein functions as a ferrireductase partner for ZIP14 and DMT1. Free Radic Biol Med (Jul), 84: 322-330.
- Moya DA, Baker SS, Liu W, Garrick MD, Kozielski R, Baker RD, Zhu L. (2015) Novel pathway for iron deficiency in pediatric non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Nutr (Jun), 34(3): 549-556.
- Wolff NA, Ghio AJ, Garrick LM, Garrick MD, Zhao L, Fenton RA, Thévenod F. (2014) Evidence for mitochondrial localization of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1). FASEB J (May), 28(5): 2134-2145.
- Arredondo M, Mendiburo MJ, Flores S, Singleton ST, Garrick MD. (2014) Mouse divalent metal transporter 1 is a copper transporter in HEK293 cells. Biometals (Feb), 27(1): 115-123.
- Khatib, M. Baker, S.S. Liu, W. Moya, D. Arbizu, R.A. Baker, R.D. Garrick M.D. Zhu, L. (2014) Non-Transferrin Bound Iron Transporter ZIP 14 in the Liver of Pediatric Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Patients. Gastroenterology (Jan), 146(14): 63271-63276.
- Wolff NA, Garrick LM, Zhao L, Garrick MD, Thévenod F. (2014) Mitochondria represent another locale for the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1). Channels (Austin) (Jan), 8(5): 458-466.
- Le Blanc S, Garrick MD, Arredondo M. (2012) Heme carrier protein 1 transports heme and is involved in heme-Fe metabolism. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol (Jun), 302(12): 1780-1785.
- Garrick MD, Zhao L, Roth JA, Jiang H, Feng J, Foot NJ, Dalton H, Kumar S, Garrick LM. (2012) Isoform specific regulation of divalent metal (ion) transporter (DMT1) by proteasomal degradation. Biometals (Feb), 25: 787-793.
- Le Blanc S, Garrick MD, Arredondo M. (2012) Heme Carrier Protein 1 (HCP1) transports heme and is involved in heme-Fe metabolism. Amer. J. Physiol. Cell Physiology (Jan), 302: C1780-C1785.
- Garrick MD. (2011) Human iron transporters. Genes Nutr (Feb), 6(1): 45-54.
- Foot NJ, Leong YA, Dorstyn LE, Dalton HE, Ho K, Zhao L, Garrick MD, Yang B, Hiwase D, Kumar S. (2011) Ndfip1-deficient mice have impaired DMT1 regulation and iron homeostasis. Blood (Jan), 117(2): 638-646.
- Roth JA Singleton S Feng J Garrick M Paradkar P. (2010) Parkin regulates metal transport via proteasomal degradation of the 1B isoforms of divalent metal transporter 1. Journal of Neurochemistry (Apr), 113: 454-464.
- Roth JA, Singleton S, Feng J, Garrick M, Paradkar PN. (2010) Parkin regulates metal transport via proteasomal degradation of the 1B isoforms of divalent metal transporter 1. Journal of neurochemistry (Apr), 113(2): 454-64.
- Garrick MD, Garrick LM. (2009) Cellular iron transport. Biochim Biophys Acta (May), 1790(5): 309-325.
- Salazar J, Mena N, Hunot S, Prigent A, Alvarez-Fischer D, Arredondo M, Duyckaerts C, Sazdovitch V, Zhao L, Garrick LM, Nuñez MT, Garrick MD, Raisman-Vozari R, Hirsch EC. (2008) Divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) contributes to neurodegeneration in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (Nov), 105(47): 18578-18583.
- Collins JF, Hu Z, Ranganathan PN, Feng D, Garrick LM, Garrick MD, Browne RW. (2008) Induction of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (Alox15) in intestine of iron-deficient rats correlates with the production of biologically active lipid mediators. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol (Apr), 294(4): 948-962.
- Koeppen AH, Michael SC, Knutson MD, Haile DJ, Qian J, Levi S, Santambrogio P, Garrick MD, Lamarche JB. (2007) The dentate nucleus in Friedreich's ataxia: the role of iron-responsive proteins. Acta Neuropathol (Aug), 114(2): 163-173.
- Garrick MD, Garrick LM. (2007) Loss of rapid transferrin receptor recycling due to a mutation in Sec15l1 in hbd mice. Biochim Biophys Acta (Feb), 1773(2): 105-108.
- Ghio AJ, Turi JL, Madden MC, Dailey LA, Richards JD, Stonehuerner JG, Morgan DL, Singleton S, Garrick LM, Garrick MD. (2007) Lung injury after ozone exposure is iron dependent. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol (Jan), 292(1): 134-143.
- Garrick MD, Kuo HC, Vargas F, Singleton S, Zhao L, Smith JJ, Paradkar P, Roth JA, Garrick LM. (2006) Comparison of mammalian cell lines expressing distinct isoforms of divalent metal transporter 1 in a tetracycline-regulated fashion. Biochem J (Sep), 398(3): 539-546.
- Garrick MD, Singleton ST, Vargas F, Kuo HC, Zhao L, Knöpfel M, Davidson T, Costa M, Paradkar P, Roth JA, Garrick LM. (2006) DMT1: which metals does it transport?. Biol Res (Jan), 39(1): 79-85.
- Michael S, Petrocine SV, Qian J, Lamarche JB, Knutson MD, Garrick MD, Koeppen AH. (2006) Iron and iron-responsive proteins in the cardiomyopathy of Friedreich's ataxia. Cerebellum (Jan), 5(4): 257-267.
- Ghio AJ, Turi JL, Yang F, Garrick LM, Garrick MD. (2006) Iron homeostasis in the lung. Biol Res (Jan), 39(1): 67-77.
- Mackenzie B, Garrick MD. (2005) Iron Imports. II. Iron uptake at the apical membrane in the intestine. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol (Dec), 289(6): 981-986.
- Davidson T, Chen H, Garrick MD, D'Angelo G, Costa M. (2005) Soluble nickel interferes with cellular iron homeostasis. Mol Cell Biochem (Nov), 279(1-2): 157-162.
- Ghio AJ, Piantadosi CA, Wang X, Dailey LA, Stonehuerner JD, Madden MC, Yang F, Dolan KG, Garrick MD, Garrick LM. (2005) Divalent metal transporter-1 decreases metal-related injury in the lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol (Sep), 289(3): 460-467.
- Chen H, Davidson T, Singleton S, Garrick MD, Costa M. (2005) Nickel decreases cellular iron level and converts cytosolic aconitase to iron-regulatory protein 1 in A549 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol (Aug), 206(3): 275-287.
- Wang X, Garrick MD, Yang F, Dailey LA, Piantadosi CA, Ghio AJ. (2005) TNF, IFN-gamma, and endotoxin increase expression of DMT1 in bronchial epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol (Jul), 289(1): 24-33.
- Lis A, Paradkar PN, Singleton S, Kuo HC, Garrick MD, Roth JA. (2005) Hypoxia induces changes in expression of isoforms of the divalent metal transporter (DMT1) in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Biochem Pharmacol (Jun), 69(11): 1647-1655.
- Knöpfel M, Zhao L, Garrick MD. (2005) Transport of divalent transition-metal ions is lost in small-intestinal tissue of b/b Belgrade rats. Biochemistry (Mar), 44(9): 3454-3465.
- Li JY, Ram G, Gast K, Chen X, Barasch K, Mori K, Schmidt-Ott K, Wang J, Kuo HC, Savage-Dunn C, Garrick MD, Barasch J. (2004) Detection of intracellular iron by its regulatory effect. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol (Dec), 287(6): 1547-1559.
- Kuo HC, Smith JJ, Lis A, Zhao L, Gonsiorek EA, Zhou X, Higgins DM, Roth JA, Garrick MD, Garrick LM. (2004) Computer-identified nuclear localization signal in exon 1A of the transporter DMT1 is essentially ineffective in nuclear targeting. J Neurosci Res (May), 76(4): 497-511.
- Kuo HC, Smith JJ, Lis A, Zhao L, Gonsiorek EA, Zhou X, Higgins DM, Roth JA, Garrick MD, Garrick LM. (2004) Computer-identified nuclear localization signal in exon 1A of the transporter DMT1 is essentially ineffective in nuclear targeting. Journal of neuroscience research (May), 76(4): 497-511.
- Turi JL, Yang F, Garrick MD, Piantadosi CA, Ghio AJ. (2004) The iron cycle and oxidative stress in the lung. Free Radic Biol Med (Apr), 36(7): 850-857.
- Roth JA, Garrick MD. (2003) Iron interactions and other biological reactions mediating the physiological and toxic actions of manganese. Biochem Pharmacol (Jul), 66(1): 1-13.
- Ghio AJ, Wang X, Silbajoris R, Garrick MD, Piantadosi CA, Yang F. (2003) DMT1 expression is increased in the lungs of hypotransferrinemic mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol (Jun), 284(6): 938-944.
- Garrick MD, Dolan KG, Horbinski C, Ghio AJ, Higgins D, Porubcin M, Moore EG, Hainsworth LN, Umbreit JN, Conrad ME, Feng L, Lis A, Roth JA, Singleton S, Garrick LM. (2003) DMT1: a mammalian transporter for multiple metals. Biometals (Mar), 16(1): 41-54.
- Garrick MD, Dolan KG, Horbinski C, Ghio AJ, Higgins D, Porubcin M, Moore EG, Hainsworth LN, Umbreit JN, Conrad ME, Feng L, Lis A, Roth JA, Singleton S, Garrick LM. (2003) DMT1: a mammalian transporter for multiple metals. Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine (Mar), 16(1): 41-54.
- Garrick MD, Núñez MT, Olivares M, Harris ED. (2003) Parallels and contrasts between iron and copper metabolism. Biometals (Mar), 16(1): 1-8.
- Michael Garrick, Dolan, KG, Horbinski, C, Ghio, A, Dennis Higgins, Porubcin, M, Moore, EG, Hainsworth, LN, Umbreit, JN, Conrad, ME, Feng, L, Lis, A, Jerome Roth. (2003) DMT1: A Mammalian Transporter for Multiple Metals. BioMetals. Biometals (Jan), 16: 41-54.
- Zywicke HA, van Gelderen P, Connor JR, Burdo JR, Garrick MD, Dolan KG, Frank JA, Bulte JW. (2002) Microscopic R2* mapping of reduced brain iron in the Belgrade rat. Ann Neurol (Jul), 52(1): 102-105.
- Jerome Roth, Craig Horbinski, Dennis Higgins, Pam Lein, Michael Garrick. (2002) Mechanisms of manganese-induced rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell death and cell differentiation . Neurotoxicology (Jul), 23(7): 147-157.
- Wang X, Ghio AJ, Yang F, Dolan KG, Garrick MD, Piantadosi CA. (2002) Iron uptake and Nramp2/DMT1/DCT1 in human bronchial epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol (May), 282(5): 987-995.
- Roth JA, Feng L, Dolan KG, Lis A, Garrick MD. (2002) Effect of the iron chelator desferrioxamine on manganese-induced toxicity of rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. J Neurosci Res (Apr), 68(1): 76-83.
- Garrick MD, Dolan KG. (2002) An expression system for a transporter of iron and other metals. Methods Mol Biol (Jan), 196: 147-154.
- Roth JA, Horbinski C, Higgins D, Lein P, Garrick MD. (2002) Mechanisms of manganese-induced rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell death and cell differentiation. Neurotoxicology (Jan), 23: 147-157.
- Jerome Roth Craig Horbinski Dennis Higgins Pam Lein Michael Garrick . (2002) Manganese-induced rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell death and cell differentiation. Neurotoxicology (Jan), 23: 147-157.
- Burdo JR, Menzies SL, Simpson IA, Garrick LM, Garrick MD, Dolan KG, Haile DJ, Beard JL, Connor JR. (2001) Distribution of divalent metal transporter 1 and metal transport protein 1 in the normal and Belgrade rat. J Neurosci Res (Dec), 66(6): 1198-1207.
- Conrad ME, Umbreit JN, Moore EG, Hainsworth LN, Porubcin M, Simovich MJ, Nakada MT, Dolan K, Garrick MD. (2000) Separate pathways for cellular uptake of ferric and ferrous iron. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol (Oct), 279(4): 767-774.
- Jerome Roth, Horbinski C, Feng L, Dolan KG, Dennis Higgins, Michael Garrick. (2000) Differential localization of divalent metal transporter 1 with and without iron response element in rat PC12 and sympathetic neuronal cells. J Neurosci (Jan), 20: 7595-7601.
- Garrick MD, Scott D, Kulju D, Romano MA, Dolan KG, Garrick LM. (1999) Evidence for and consequences of chronic heme deficiency in Belgrade rat reticulocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta (Mar), 1449(2): 125-136.
- Garrick LM, Dolan KG, Romano MA, Garrick MD. (1999) Non-transferrin-bound iron uptake in Belgrade and normal rat erythroid cells. J Cell Physiol (Mar), 178(3): 349-358.
- Pearsall RS, Plass C, Romano MA, Garrick MD, Shibata H, Hayashizaki Y, Held WA. (1999) A direct repeat sequence at the Rasgrf1 locus and imprinted expression. Genomics (Jan), 55(2): 194-201.
- Fleming MD, Romano MA, Su MA, Garrick LM, Garrick MD, Andrews NC. (1998) Nramp2 is mutated in the anemic Belgrade (b) rat: evidence of a role for Nramp2 in endosomal iron transport. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (Feb), 95(3): 1148-1153.
- Garrick M, Scott D, Walpole S, Finkelstein E, Whitbred J, Chopra S, Trivikram L, Mayes D, Rhodes D, Cabbagestalk K, Oklu R, Sadiq A, Mascia B, Hoke J, Garrick L. (1997) Iron supplementation moderates but does not cure the Belgrade anemia. Biometals (Apr), 10(2): 65-76.
- Garrick MD, Gniecko K, Liu Y, Cohan DS, Garrick LM. (1993) Transferrin and the transferrin cycle in Belgrade rat reticulocytes. J Biol Chem (Jul), 268(20): 14867-14874.
- Garrick LM, Gniecko K, Liu Y, Cohan DS, Grasso JA, Garrick MD. (1993) Iron distribution in Belgrade rat reticulocytes after inhibition of heme synthesis with succinylacetone. Blood (Jun), 81(12): 3414-3421.
- Garrick LM, Gniecko K, Hoke JE, al-Nakeeb A, Ponka P, Garrick MD. (1991) Ferric-salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone, a synthetic iron chelate, alleviates defective iron utilization by reticulocytes of the Belgrade rat. J Cell Physiol (Mar), 146(3): 460-465.
- Garrick LM, Strano-Paul LA, Hoke JE, Kirdani-Ryan LA, Alberico RA, Everett MM, Bannerman RM, Garrick MD. (1989) Tissue iron deposition in untransfused beta-thalassemic mice. Exp Hematol (Jun), 17(5): 423-428.
- Garrick MD. (1989) Newborn screening for sickle cell disease and other hemoglobinopathies. Alternative methods for screening. Pediatrics (May), 83(5 Pt): 855-857.
- Ganguly S, Skoultchi AI, Garrick MD, Garrick LM, Campbell AS, Alter BP. (1988) Differential synthesis of beta-major and beta-minor globin proteins in murine erythroleukemia cells is regulated at the transcriptional level. J Biol Chem (Mar), 263(7): 3216-3219.
- Garrick LM, Chu ML, Rusnak-Smalley P, Garrick MD. (1987) Post-synthetic modification in vivo of the major hemoglobin beta chain in the rat. Hemoglobin (Sep), 11(5): 497-510.
- Garrick MD, Popp RA, Alter BP. (1987) Primary structure of two nonallelic beta-globin chains from DBA/2 mice. Biochem Genet (Jun), 25(5-6): 391-399.
- Mbikay M, Garrick MD. (1981) Differential inhibition of globin chain synthesis by tosyl-L-lysyl chloromethyl ketone. Life Sci (Nov), 29(18): 1873-1879.
- McDonald MJ, Turci SM, Bunn HF, Garrick LM, Garrick MD, Brewer GJ. (1981) Structural and functional studies of hemolysates from genetically selected high and low level DPG rat strains. Prog Clin Biol Res (Oct), 55: 215-224.
- Dembure PP, Garrick MD. (1981) Autonomous synthesis of alpha and beta hemoglobin chains in rabbit erythroid cells. Blood (Jun), 57(6): 1125-1131.
- Mbikay M, Garrick MD. (1981) Inhibition of initiation of protein synthesis by tosyl-L-lysyl chloromethyl ketone. Can J Biochem (May), 59(5): 321-327.
- Alter BP, Goff SC, Klonowski TJ, Garrick MD. (1981) Chemical evidence for the separation of G gamma and A gamma chains by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in urea and triton X-100. Prep Biochem (Apr), 10(5): 633-644.
- Garrick MD, Orfanos AP, Rogers L, Naylor EW, Guthrie R. (1981) A simple screening test for reduced glutathione in filter paper spots of blood. J Pediatr (Feb), 98(2): 265-267.
- Alter BP, Goff SC, Klonowski TJ, Garrick MD. (1980) Chemical evidence for the separation of G gamma and A gamma chains by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in urea and triton X-100. Prep Biochem (Jan), 10(5): 633-644.
- Chu ML, Garrick LM, Garrick MD. (1978) Deficiency of globin messenger RNA in reticulocytes of the Belgrade rat. Biochemistry (Nov), 17(24): 5128-5133.
- Garrick LM, Sloan RL, Ryan TW, Klonowski TJ, Garrick MD. (1978) Primary structure of the major beta-chain of rat haemoglobins. Biochem J (Jul), 173(1): 321-330.
- Spielberg SP, Garrick MD, Corash LM, Butler JD, Tietze F, Rogers L, Schulman JD. (1978) Biochemical heterogeneity in glutathione synthetase deficiency. J Clin Invest (Jun), 61(6): 1417-1420.
- Garrick LM, Garrick MD. (1978) Testing with puromycin and amino acyl tRNAs that limit the rate of peptide chain extension. Mol Cell Biochem (Feb), 19(1): 49-59.
- Garrick MD, Sloan RL. (1977) Covalent attachment of peptides to cytochrome C for automated sequence determination. Prep Biochem (Jul), 7(2): 111-128.
- Garrick LM, Dembure PP, Garrick MD. (1975) Interaction between the synthesis of alpha and beta globin. Eur J Biochem (Oct), 58(2): 339-350.
- Garrick MD, Hafner R, Bricker J, Garrick LM. (1974) Genetic variation in the primary structure of the beta chain of rabbit hemoglobin. Ann N Y Acad Sci (Nov), 241(0): 436-438.
- Garrick MD, Dembure P, Garrick LM. (1974) Discussion paper: increased synthesis of one type of globin chain resulting from inhibiting synthesis of the opposite type. Ann N Y Acad Sci (Nov), 241(0): 242-246.
- Bricker J, Garrick MD. (1974) An isoleucine-valine substitution in the beta chain of rabbit hemoglobin. Biochim Biophys Acta (Jun), 351(2): 437-441.
- Garrick MD, Bricker J, Garrick LM. (1974) An electrophoretically silent polymorphism for the beta chains of rabbit hemoglobin and associated polyribosome patterns. Genetics (Jan), 76(1): 99-108.
- Garrick MD, Dembure P, Guthrie R. (1973) Sickle-cell anemia and other hemoglobinopathies. Procedures and strategy for screening employing spots of blood on filter paper as specimens. N Engl J Med (Jun), 288(24): 1265-1268.
- Garrick MD, Reichlin M, Mattioli M, Manning R. (1973) The anemia-induced reversible switch from hemoglobin A to hemoglobin C in caprine ruminants: immunochemical evidence that both hemoglobins are found in the same cell. Dev Biol (Jan), 30(1): 1-12.
- Mohler DN, Majerus PW, Minnich V, Hess CE, Garrick MD. (1970) Glutathione synthetase deficiency as a cause of hereditary hemolytic disease. N Engl J Med (Dec), 283(23): 1253-1257.
- Garrick MD, Balzer RH, Charlton JP. (1970) An improved method for electrophoretic characterization of globin chains from hemolyzates, purified hemoglobins, and fractions selected from chromatographic separations of chains. Anal Biochem (Apr), 34(2): 312-330.
- Garrick MD, Charlton JP. (1969) Inheritance of structural alleles for goat hemoglobins: site duplication and limited structural divergence for the alpha-chain locus. Biochem Genet (Aug), 3(4): 393-402.
- Garrick MD, Huisman TH. (1968) Gene duplication of the alpha chain of goat hemoglobin: evidence from a homozygous mutant. Biochim Biophys Acta (Dec), 168(3): 585-587.
- Garrick MD. (1967) The kinetics of the translation of messenger RNA into protein. J Theor Biol (Oct), 17(1): 19-30.
- Garrick MD. (1965) Title VI. Science (Apr), 148(3666): 22-22.
- Michael Garrick. (1965) Medical Genetics: Today and Tomorrow. J. Ark. Med. Soc. (Mar), 61: 319-330.
- GARRICK MD. (1965) MEDICAL GENETICS: TODAY AND TOMORROW. J Ark Med Soc (Mar), 61: 319-330.
- Michael Garrick, Hathaway, P, Boyer, SH. (1964) Modulation of Protein Synthesis in Man: An in vitro Study of Hemoglobin Synthesis by Heterozygotes. Cold Spring Harbor Sympos. Quant. Biol. (Dec), 29: 333-346.
- Michael Garrick, Elberfeld, H, Suskind, SR. (1964) Tryptophan Synthetase from Neurospora: A Modification of the Reaction Scheme. Science (Nov), 145: 491-492.
- GARRICK MD, SUSKIND SR. (1964) TRYPSIN-TREATED NEUROSPORA TRYPTOPHAN SYNTHETASE: II. ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES. J Mol Biol (Jul), 9: 83-99.
- Michael Garrick, Suskind, SR. (1964) Trypsin Treated with Tryptophan Synthetase I. Enzymatic Properties. J Mol Biol (Jul), 9: 70-82.
- Michael Garrick, Suskind, SR. (1964) Trypsin Treated with Tryptophan Synthetase II. Antigenic Properties. J Mol Biol (Jul), 9: 83-99.
- GARRICK MD, ELBERFELD H, SUSKIND SR. (1964) TRYPTOPHAN SYNTHETASE FROM NEUROSPORA: A MODIFICATION IN THE REACTION SCHEME. Science (Jul), 145: 491-492.
- GARRICK MD, SUSKIND SR. (1964) TRYPSIN-TREATED NEUROSPORA TRYPTOPHAN SYNTHETASE. I. ENZYMIC PROPERTIES. J Mol Biol (Jul), 9: 70-82.
- BOYER SH, HATHAWAY P, GARRICK MD. (1964) MODULATION OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN MAN: AN IN VITRO STUDY OF HEMOGLOBIN SYNTHESIS BY HETEROZYGOTES. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol (Jan), 29: 333-346.
- GARRICK MD, SUSKIND SR. (1963) Antigenically active fragments of tryptophan synthetase. Ann N Y Acad Sci (May), 103: 793-802.
Books and Book Chapters:
- Thévenod, F., Lee, W-K., Garrick, M.D. (2021) Iron and cadmium entry into renal mitochondria: physiological and toxicological implications. In: Mitochondria in Renal Health and Disease. Frontiers ebooks, Chapter 10.
- Garrick MD. (2016) Molecular, Genetic, and Nutritional Aspects of Major and Trace Minerals. In: Regulation of DMT1 Expression and Function. Elsevier, 227-238.
Abstracts:
- Michael Garrick, Suskind, Sigmund. (1964) Antigenetically Active Fragments of Tryptophan Synthetase. ANN NY Acad Sci, (Aug) 793-803
Professional Memberships:
- International BioMetals Society; self-evident (2011–present)
- International BioIron Society; self-evident (1997–present)
- American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; self-evident (1986–present)
- East West Iron Club; Originally called East Coast Iron Club - meets informally to exchange data among US (originally US East Coast bio-iron researchers. I was Cochair (with P. Ponka) 1996-1999 and started the website and the expansion. (1984–present)
- American Society of Hematology; self-evident (1971–present)
- Genetics Society of America; self-evident (1963–present)
- American Association for the Advancement of Science; self-evident (1959–present)
Presentations:
- "Isoform Specific Regulation of Divalent Metal (Ion) Transporter (DMT1) by Proteasomal Degradation" Fourth International Workshop on Iron and Copper Homeostasis; Ad hoc; Plenary session (2011)
- "Human Iron Transporters" 1st International Conference on Nutrigenomics; INCON; Plenary session (2010)
- "Accumulation of Trace Metals as an Assay for Transport (by DMT1)" Trace Elements for Man and Animals; TEMA; Increasing Awareness of Rare Transition Elements (2008)
- "Some properties of DMT1 (Divalent Metal Transporter 1) that are relevant for intestinal metal ion transport" EB 2006 symposium; FASEB; Molecular Mechanisms of Intestinal Iron Transport (2006)
- "Where Prem Ponka's life and thought intersected mine" I was invited as a speaker to memorialize Prem Ponka at a symposium to be held in May 2020 after he passed away late in 2019. As he was a dear friend who later disrupted our relationship, I gave a lot of thought on what to say. In early March 2020, however, the symposium was postponed due to COVID-19 and after additional postponements, its date is now indefinite. I have a file where I have a record of some of his recollections including his father's role in WW II. I still hope to discuss these as well as his huge contribution to the understanding of iron metabolism. Until recently, entry into and return from Canada has been problematic due to Covid. Dr Amel Hamdi, the main organizer and Prem's final postdoc, may now be leaving the Lady Davis Institute so I regard this festschrift and as uncertain to occur.
Service Activities:
- Science Translational Medicine received a submission where I am an acknowledged expert. I found the submission very much appropriate for the journal and of high importance. One control was missing so I recommended acceptance after provision of the control. The editor, however, rejected it based largely on that omission.; Review of Ms submission (2022)
- Advised Blood Advances on a submission in my area of expertise. The paper was eventually accepted and is very relevant to COVID and Black communities. That relevance is why I was asked to review it.; Reviewed Ms submitted to Blood Advances (2021)
- Advised Biological Trace Element Research on a submission in my area of expertise; Reviewed a Ms submitted to Biological Trace Element Research (2021)
- Advised Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology on a submission in my area of expertise; Reviewed a Ms submitted to Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology (2021)
- Advised Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports on a submission in my area of expertise; Reviewed Ms submitted to Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports (2020)
- Advised FASEB J on a submission in my area of expertise; Reviewed a Ms submitted to FASEB J (2020)
- When ASH requests that I do so, I write a letter to my reps on an issue for them. Most important has been funding for Sickle Cell Disease Research; American Society of Hematology, Grassroots Network (2020–present)
- Expert Witness, Forensic Analysis of DNA Evidence - Courts have been relatively inactive due to COVID-19. The Erie County Society for Indigent Prisoners has contacted me 2x to be sure that I can still act in this capacity when activity comes back. Rich's departure will be a serious issue for them because he was their main other resource. I would like advice on whether to try to get Norma Novak or Michael Buck involved. The assigned counsel office specifically asked me to find additional experts other than myself so I asked both Norma and Michael. Each of them did not feel that they could take on the occasional job. Your advice would be welcome - are you willing yourself to learn the needed background or can you recommend another person?; Expert Witness, Forensic Analysis of DNA Evidence (2020–present)
- Occasional solicited advice for Ioav Cabantchik then Ella Nemeth who were / are officers; Member & informal advisor- International BioIron Society (2019–present)
- Occasionally review submitted Mss and take responsibility for selecting reviewers for submissions in my area; Member International Advisory Board for Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences (2006–present)